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Compare Burundi (2001) - Christmas Island (2002)
Compare Burundi (2001) z Christmas Island (2002)
| Burundi (2001) | Christmas Island (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
46.82% (male 1,472,618; female 1,441,548) 15-64 years: 50.37% (male 1,541,131; female 1,593,743) 65 years and over: 2.81% (male 71,984; female 102,873) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
| Agriculture - products | coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides | NA |
| Airports | 4 (2000 est.) | 1 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
27,830 sq km land: 25,650 sq km water: 2,180 sq km |
total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Maryland | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Between 1993 and 2000, wide-spread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions in Burundi created hundreds of thousands of refugees and left tens of thousands dead. Although some refugees have returned from neighboring countries, continued ethnic strife has forced many others to flee. Burundian troops, seeking to secure their borders, have intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | 40.13 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues:
$125 million expenditures: $176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | Bujumbura | The Settlement |
| Climate | equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 80 km |
| Constitution | 13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents | NA |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of Burundi conventional short form: Burundi local long form: Republika y'u Burundi local short form: Burundi former: Urundi |
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Currency | Burundi franc (BIF) | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 16.36 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $1.12 billion (1999 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Mary Carlin YATES embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura mailing address: B. P. 1720, Bujumbura telephone: [257] 223454 FAX: [257] 222926 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Thomas NDIKUMANA chancery: Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 342-2574 FAX: [1] (202) 342-2578 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $1.344 billion (1999 est.) | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop, which accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports therefore rests largely on the vagaries of the climate and the international coffee market. Since October 1993 the nation has suffered from massive ethnic-based violence which has resulted in the death of perhaps 250,000 persons and the displacement of about 800,000 others. Only one in four children go to school, and one in nine adults has HIV/AIDS. Foods, medicines, and electricity remain in short supply. | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003. |
| Electricity - consumption | 160.1 million kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 29 million kWh
note: supplied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1999) |
- |
| Electricity - production | 141 million kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
0.71% hydro: 99.29% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Lake Tanganyika 772 m highest point: Mount Heha 2,670 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000 | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | Burundi francs per US dollar - 782.36 (January 2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999), 477.77 (1998), 352.35 (1997), 302.75 (1996) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Pierre BUYOYA (interim president since 27 September 1996, officially sworn in 11 June 1998), First Vice President Frederic BAMVUGINYUMVIRA (since NA June 1998), Second Vice President Mathias SINAMENYE (since NA June 1998); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Pierre BUYOYA (interim president since 27 September 1996, officially sworn in 11 June 1998), First Vice President Frederic BAMVUGINYUMVIRA (since NA June 1998), Second Vice President Mathias SINAMENYE (since NA June 1998); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power following a coup on 25 July 1996 in which former President NTIBANTUNGANYA was overthrown |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $32 million (f.o.b., 2000) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | Germany 17%, Belgium 14%, US 8%, France 6%, Switzerland 4% (1999) | Australia, NZ |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below) | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $4.4 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
50% industry: 18% services: 32% (1999 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $720 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 1.8% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 3 30 S, 30 00 E | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Highways | total:
14,480 km paved: 1,028 km unpaved: 13,452 km (1996) |
total: 140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry)
paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
3.4% highest 10%: 26.6% (1992) |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $110 million (f.o.b., 2000) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | Belgium 20%, Zambia 11%, Kenya 8%, South Africa 5%, France 4% (1999) | principally Australia |
| Independence | 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 6.3% (1999 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | 70.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 live births |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 22% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 140 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local tribunals) | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | 1.9 million | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | NA | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) |
| Land boundaries | total:
974 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
44% permanent crops: 9% permanent pastures: 36% forests and woodland: 3% other: 8% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (121 seats; note - new Transitional Constitution expanded the number of seats from 81 to 121 in 1998; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in 1998, but suspended by presidential decree in 1996) election results: percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA 21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, various other parties 40 |
unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2002) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
46.06 years male: 45.15 years female: 46.99 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 35.3% male: 49.3% female: 22.5% (1995 est.) |
NA |
| Location | Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Africa | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | contiguous zone: 12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| Military branches | Army (includes naval and air units), paramilitary Gendarmerie | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $57 million (FY97) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 6.1% (FY97) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
1,394,273 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
728,326 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 16 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
79,360 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 1 July (1962) | NA |
| Nationality | noun:
Burundian(s) adjective: Burundi |
noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | flooding, landslides, drought | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet exploited), vanadium, arable land, hydropower | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | Two national, mainstream governing parties are: Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Luc RUKINGAMA, president]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president]
note: A multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are: Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA [Terrence NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development or RADDES [Joseph NZENZIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias HITIMANA] |
none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Loosely organized Tutsi militias, often affiliated with Tutsi extremist parties | none |
| Population | 6,223,897
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.) |
474 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 36.2% (1990 est.) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.38% (2001 est.) | -9% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Bujumbura | Flying Fish Cove |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 440,000 (1997) | 1,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 24 km to serve phosphate mines |
| Religions | Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10% | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | NA years of age; universal adult | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
primitive system domestic: sparse system of open wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 16,000 (1997) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 619 (1997) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1999) | NA |
| Terrain | hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 6.16 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | NA% |
| Waterways | Lake Tanganyika | none |
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